I was flipping through a book of 100 tips to Great Acrylic Paintings* and saw this idea of painting acrylic over a charcoal drawing. Click here to download a free PDF lesson from this book, Painting with Mixed Media, compliments of Stackpole Books! https://snapguide.com/guides/create-a-mixed-media-art-canvas-collage 5:48. You can purchase Painting with Mixed Media on Amazon. Combining washes of watercolor with pastel in an urban landscape painting? All images in this review are displayed with permission. Do you enjoy art, acrylic pouring, resin painting, mixed media, and tons of fun? That’s mixed media! Free Guide on Mixed-Media Painting Techniques When's the last time you used mixed media in your art? Come make art with us! The transparent and opalescent colours have an amazing sheen to them and are ideal for creating layers of … Sep 12, 2019 - Explore Mendy Atchley's board "mixed media faces", followed by 829 people on Pinterest. Mix Media: Acrylics And Pastels Together. }); *By providing your email address you will begin to receive our newsletters, special offers and more free content from Artists Network. Painting with Mixed Media is a fun exploration of the many different ways you can mix traditional paint with other media to create an exciting range of artwork. One of my favorite examples is to put acrylic paint in squeeze bottles, which was the technique used to create the artwork on the right. Pour, drop, brush and drizzle Pebeo’s multi tasking products to create your own Pebeo Mixed Media art piece. Pin this step-by-step! In the 3 hour bonus section, I show you additional varied techniques in Acrylic and Mixed Media. portalId: "6817144", Paint all over with one layer of acrylic paint. Mixed media painting has been one of the most famous painting technique that most artists are exploring nowadays. Video by Mixed Media Girl. If you want to make mixed media art that includes … Using charcoal on canvas with other media Hi Thaneeya, Your website and your art is wonderful! Whether you’re a ceramic artist, sketcher, painter, or more, you can certainly embrace the mixed media trend. All Rights Reserved. Mixed Media Art Journal Girl : How to be loose & expressive with pencil, paint & collage. November 2020 March 29, 2015 By Jessie Oleson Moore & filed under Acrylic Painting, Art Blog, Watercolor Painting. November 2020 October 2020 September 2020 August 2020 July 2020 June 2020 May 2020 … Along the way, I show you acrylic and mixed media techniques I routinely use when I paint in this medium. hbspt.forms.create({portalId: "6817144",formId: "a36f91dc-2cbf-4f96-9d1a-bf390cb71586"
Shop recommended products from Mixed Media Girl on Amazon.com. Resining With My Dad! He finally pares down all of this information to a group of pivotal images organized in a fluidly layered space, where they hang and shimmer like memories. There's a world of mark-making materials and inspiring surfaces to explore. YOU CAN CHECK OUT THE ENTIRE CLASS CURRICULUM BELOW. See more ideas about mixed media painting techniques, mixed media painting, art. A fairly common technique for painters is mixing oil, watercolor and acrylic paints into a single painting. This course is perfect for a beginning artist, or anyone who has never been able to successfully create a pretty girl for their art journals, paintings, or any mixed media … The info provided at the beginning of each chapter provides an informative overview, and you'll need to do your own research if you want to learn more about any particular painting medium. Snowflake split cup acrylic pour - dollar store DIY Christmas acrylic … I will teach you step-by-step using simple techniques that anyone can master. Painting with Mixed Media encourages you to step out of the box, to move beyond the concept of simply applying paint to canvas and to try new things, explore new combinations, and experiment with new techniques. If this sounds appealing but you don't know where to begin, this book will help you get started. CLIVE5ART 1,365,054 views This book, by Paula Guhin and Geri Greenman, features 132 pages of material and hundreds of photos to illustrate the concepts and techniques . For Russell Irwin, painting is more like mosaic art, as he uses mixed media collage elements like torn paper in combination with acrylic paint to form a richly textured surface on his paintings. Combining washes of watercolor with pastel in an urban landscape painting? Practically any combination can be used, limited only by the artists' imagination and available materials. In this class we will create a spread that is full of heart and soul. Chapter 3 starts by discussing the different forms that watercolors come in and also looks at types of inks. The artists represent a variety of styles and subjects. Not every caption explains the steps involved though, so while the images are inspiring you might wonder, "How did they do that?" *** If Sandrine’s favorites have you raring to create, perhaps there is a unique bloom or bouquet in your future. Do you enjoy art, acrylic pouring, resin painting, mixed media, and tons of fun? Russell Irwin’s paintings are more like mosaic art: mixed media collage elements layered with acrylic paint tell a tantalizing story. When you mix the paint with acrylic medium the paint … The introductory material at the start of every chapter is short and basic - the bulk of each chapter is the ideas. When’s the last time you used mixed media in your art? Today's experiments were a tree ring using all 9 colors and a flip cup with more silicone. Over 1,000 hours of content. Click on the video here to watch how YOU can learn how to paint glasses on YOUR mixed media girls!! The pages are sprinkled with finished art accompanied by a caption that lists the materials used to create the piece. Artists Network TV: OVER 700 art video workshops! When painting, you can easily become lost in details and find it difficult to paint in a looser, softer way. Not to be used without permission. Mix Play all Mix - Mixed Media Girl YouTube Paint Pouring On A Budget Apple Barrel Paints and Elmer's School Glue - Duration: 7:20. That’s mixed media art, too. I am an artist who works with lots … Will graphite pencil marks dissolve if watercolor pencils are drawn over it? Janet Cook layers pastel over bright water media underpaintings to create scenes that positively pulse. What is mixed media? Use undiluted. At this stage, she always works from a black-and-white photo, so as not to get seduced by the local color. Overview of Mixed Media Art Mixed media is very closely related to other art forms such as assemblage and collage. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. Any materials can be used, including collage items such as pages from magazines, newspaper, photographs, fabric, soil, or packaging. Once the acrylic glaze dries the underlying watercolor is sealed and insoluble. Peony (mixed media on paper mounted on canvas, 12×12) by Sandrine Pelissier. Learn how to present depth and texture to your artwork and transform your ideas about art. He adhered torn papers of varying weights, textures, and colors with acrylic matte medium. This chapter demonstrates different ways that acrylics can be used in conjunction with other media, as well as novel ways of applying the paint. There are great advantages and disadvantages that … Chapter 4 begins with a brief intro to oil paints, discussing the types and forms of oil paints and listing some of the tools and materials that are commonly used with oils. Paint will easily move on water-resistant papers and make interesting textures. wax resists (using wax paper and plastic kitchen wrap), making imprints with gauze, cheesecloth, and plastic shopping bags, outlining with metallic pens or markers to create contrast, drawing and painting on top of photos/photocopies. A passionate artist, fueled by her immense love for painting and colors, and dedicated to her purpose of sharing her gift of creativity with the world through her art and tutorials, Shilpa Lalit, also known as Artyshils on the internet, is an artist from Pune India. Watch step by step how I create mixed media dog art! well, to over simplify it, mixed media for beginners would be using a variety of “things” in one single art piece. Mixed Media Art Journal Girl : How to be loose & expressive with pencil, paint & collage ... My name is Toni and I am a mixed media artist and teacher. hbspt.forms.create({ This fun mixed media tutorial offers techniques & tips for combining colored pencils & watercolors. Mixed Media Art Journal Girl : How to be loose & expressive with pencil, paint & collage ... My name is Toni and I am a mixed media artist and teacher. A complimentary copy of Painting with Mixed Media was provided to me by Stackpole Books for this review, which is based on my honest assessment of the book. If you are more comfortable with detailed step-by-step tutorials that lead you clearly by the hand on projects that you are meant to replicate from start to finish, this book may leave you wanting. There's a wide variety of art in the book that draws on many different styles and subjects. But, given the number of ideas and artwork shown in this book, there would not be enough room to explain all the steps for every piece of art shown. Hey, guys next media girl here it's been a while since I did a paint mixing video. It does not matter what color or if they're glossy or flat or anything you're just gonna use whatever colors you … For the red, I mix acrylic paint and a lot of water in a spray bottle. Cook prepares a landscape painting by applying layers of pastel. In addition to demos and examples, there are also tips and hints scattered throughout the pages. He worked from two palettes: a plastic one on which he mixed acrylic paints and one on the floor, where he scattered torn pieces of paper. I found this Pebeo Mixed Media product particularly exciting and its applications are varied. If you would like to see what I'm up to you can … Come have fun with us! To finish, sand the painted areas when dry to soften the color and give the doll an aged appearance. In this section, they explain how they created their pieces. This channel is for you! Combining washes of watercolor with pastel in an urban landscape painting? The coupon code you entered is expired or invalid, but the course is still available! All photos, images and text are copyright protected. 0 Comments Leave a Reply. To finish, sand the painted areas when dry to soften the color and give the doll an aged appearance. This is an excellent course for all artists who wish to learn how to paint with acrylics and mixed media, whether beginner, intermediate or advanced. These examples can spark ideas and get the ball rolling. Learn more about Mixed Media Girl's favorite products. Mixed media is just one way of creating art journal pages, and most of us use this technique because we mostly use more than one tool, paint or medium. The first chapter opens the doors of possibilities with detailed lists of materials that can be used to make art, from traditional art supplies to nonconventional media and tools. Read on to find out how to combine charcoal and acrylics into a mixed media painting without smudging the charcoal lines and the paint colors. Acrylic is a medium that dries with a flat, opaque, almost plastic-like consistency, whereas watercolor … Discover mixed-media painting techniques that can become a breakthrough in your art. Painting Imaginary Flowers: Beautiful Blooms and Abstract Patterns in Mixed Media is what we mean. … Another technique, termed Resist, creates a unique look, combining oil and water-based paints. Techniques: Blend paint washes, paint with a credit card or give mixed media stencils a try. Pebeo Vitrail Glass Paint is not just a decorative glass paint as it is now being used more and more by Mixed Media Artists. off original price! The book even demonstrates how to use materials you wouldn't normally associate with art, such as using plastic wrap and gelatin create mixed media art. Irwin spends months interviewing friends and associates of his subject, ransacking archives and picture collections, and generating scores of drawings and sketches. That’s mixed media art, too. Irwin began this painting by preparing a hollow-core wood door panel with gesso. Mix Media: Acrylics And Pastels Together. There is a tidal wave of supplies for mixed media coming onto the market daily ... and I find myself being swept along with it all – wanting, nay, needing all the latest inks, metallics, stamps, stencils, art papers, crayons and specially mixed signature paints – you name it, it's on my wish-list. A mixed media painting is one that combines different painting and drawing materials and methods, rather than only one medium. Doing a charcoal or pencil sketch on your canvas before applying paint? Painting with Mixed Media is a fun exploration of the many different ways you can mix traditional paint with other media to create an exciting range of artwork. English | 33m | Video 720p. Allow to dry. Some of the demonstrated techniques include: Chapter 7 contains a portfolio of artwork from 8 contemporary artists who create mixed media paintings. She specialises in acrylic painting and mixed media … See what I mean in this mixed-media demonstration from her book. See more ideas about mixed media painting techniques, mixed media painting, art. December 30, 2020. Chapter 2 begins with an overview of different types of acrylics and goes into the properties of acrylics, touching upon gel mediums, pastes, glazes and other media that can be used with acrylics to create different effects. The glaze subtly transforms the color of what is beneath. These are just some of the main reasons why acrylic paint is your ideal paint choice when creating mixed media art. Janet Cook’s paintings of New York City pulse with life and rhythm, partly due to the fact that she is able to mix the vibrant colors of pastel with the expressive fluidity of water media. This gives them a great advantage when working in mixed media, because it means you can apply other things on top of the acrylics without having to wait hours or even weeks for them to dry. Doing a charcoal or pencil sketch on your canvas before applying paint? Mixed media painting has been one of the most famous painting technique that most artists are exploring nowadays. This book, by Paula Guhin and Geri Greenman, features 132 pages of material and hundreds of photos to illustrate the concepts and techniques. Purchase My Acrylic Pour, Resin, Mixed Media, and Other Art. Posting on YouTube every single Monday AND Friday of the year! MonFounder of Awesome Art School. You can experiment with mixing colors. A mixed media painting is one that combines different painting and drawing materials and methods, rather than only one medium.Any materials can be used, including collage items such as pages from magazines, newspaper, photographs, fabric, soil, or packaging. But in my opinion, homemade is even better. A glaze is basically a thin layer of paint that is very translucent, allowing some of the color underneath to show through. This fun mixed media tutorial offers techniques & tips for combining colored pencils & watercolors. See more ideas about mixed media videos, mixed media art journaling, art journal tutorial. She leaves approximately 5 percent to 15 percent of the underpainting showing through to imbue the piece with a sense of harmony. That’s mixed media art, too. Mix Media: Acrylics And Pastels Together Is A Great Painting Option To Try With. Color plays a central and complex role in Cook’s work and is one of the first characteristics viewers note about her lush mixed-media landscapes and detailed mixed media portraits. 0 Comments Leave a Reply. formId: "fe953206-aee1-4137-bbbc-5dcb9139c2ca" Finish the course with a pretty, painted mixed-media girl. “This philosophy, in essence, frees me to use any color I want.” Learn more tips and techniques Cook uses to create a one-of-a-kind portraits within the tutorial. Free Guide on Mixed-Media Painting Techniques When's the last time you used mixed media in your art? I'm gonna show him actually a spray paint and resin technique that he has never seen before and I actually learned this from the naughty artisan in Vegas, but I uh made it my own, you know so we're gonna just take various spray paint. Oct 24, 2020 - Explore Claudia Jean Nelson's board "ART MIXED MEDIA PAINTING TECHNIQUES", followed by 3469 people on Pinterest. The demos provide inspiration and instruction, which then require a curious self-starter to take the materials off the shelf and get to work, drawing upon your own imagery or themes. In the visual arts, a mixed media painting is a work of art that employs more than one medium. And none of it is cheap – especially if you buy whole sets of designer … One of the best things about mixed media art is that the possibilities are endless in terms of materials you can use. Chapter 6 focuses on tempera, and begins with an introduction to tempera paint and a list of materials and tools used with tempera. Chapter 5 begins with an overview of the types and forms of pastels, and the tools and materials used with them. "Green Scene" tips offer eco-friendly ideas for reusing items you probably already have around your house. Karen Campbell. Paint with a thin layer of gesso. Author of 9 Instructional Art Books! In just a few hours, you will learn how to draw, shade & paint a pretty mixed media girl's face. Or a mixed media piece can be as "simple" as using two mediums, such as acrylic paints with pastel on top. Mixed Media Artists work with a variety of … Rick Cheadle 417,802 views Do the same as before, adding some torn paper text onto the first layer of paint. © Mixed Media Girl 2021 Built with Storefront & WooCommerce.. My Account; Search When working from a photo, she will first print a black-and-white version. Spray with color mist. That's mixed media! To assess value clearly when painting a mixed media portrait, Cook likes to squint her eyes to eliminate color. This book, by Paula Guhin and Geri Greenman, features 132 pages of material and hundreds of photos to illustrate the concepts and techniques. Leave No Media Behind: An Exploration of Mixed Drawing Media, Get Edgy: How to Paint Hard and Soft Edges, Don’t Fence Me In | An Out-of-the-Box Signature Style, This Watercolor Process Creates Dramatic Atmospherics. Mixed Media Girl. Anyone wanting to learn to draw and paint a pretty face. You can create a collage by forming a background and adding as many layers as you want, combine pencil and watercolor to create a unique image, or add embellishments to photographs using a variety of materials. Mixed Media Artist. Archives. }); Artist Network is with you every step of your art journey. All you have to do is set up a palette with several colors of watercolor, and using a palette knife, mix them with a dab of acrylic. It's your girl here and I'm back with Jake for another fun project today. It's your girl here and I'm back with Jake for another fun project today. You will receive video instruction along with some .pdf's to help you on your way. Doing a charcoal or pencil sketch on your canvas before applying paint? How to Start Mixed Media Art? Drawing With Watercolor Pencils and Pastels by Sandrine Pelissier. The five main painting mediums used in the book are acrylics, watercolors, oils, pastels and tempera. One of the best things about mixed media art is that the possibilities are endless in terms of materials you can use. Course Curriculum Welcome to the class and the Academy Available in days days after you enroll Start Lets … Creating textures is not about following a process or working within boundaries; it is about seeking out new styles and techniques in a spontaneous manner. The sky is the limit when it comes to mixed media; use your … Reader Question: What is the best type of paint to buy to use in mixed media art? Click on the video here to watch how YOU can learn how to paint glasses on YOUR mixed media girls!! So that's what we're gonna do today in this video is on how to mix paint for acrylic pouring. “Pastels are such a great way to trigger an artist’s imagination, especially in his or her use of color,” she explains. Acrylic and watercolor might seem as if they orbit in different artistic solar systems. You can create a collage by forming a background and adding as many layers as you want, combine pencil and watercolor to create a unique image, or add embellishments to photographs using a variety of materials. If you want to mix up your art and try your hand at some mixed-media painting techniques, download this FREE … A number of mediums can be used to add color: colored pencils, fabric markers, paint crayons—even coffee. Flipping through the book is enough to get the creative juices flowing! Assemblage is … I mix my paint in 3 easy steps: Step 1 - Add my paint to a cup Step 2 - Add a thin layer of Floetrol Step 3 - Add water (a little bit at a time) until you get the right consistency. Karen Campbell. Oct 24, 2020 - Explore Claudia Jean Nelson's board "ART MIXED MEDIA PAINTING TECHNIQUES", followed by 3469 people on Pinterest. I'm gonna use this measuring glass because it's divided into little teaspoons and a half ounces. The acrylics chapter also explores collage, resists and textures. ) by Sandrine Pelissier a free PDF lesson from this book 's strong point is in the visual,! Exciting and its applications are varied you ’ re a ceramic artist, sketcher, painter, or,. Will receive video instruction along with some.pdf 's to help you on your canvas applying! Watercolors come in and also looks at types of inks on canvas the year and text are Copyright.! The local color translucent, allowing some of the paint pouring kit from Hobby Lobby focusing. That show the artwork at different stages in the visual arts, a mixed media paintings other... Acrylics chapter also explores collage, resists and textures, sketcher, painter, or more, you learn... Using simple and loose sketching and painting techniques that anyone can master the different forms that come... Appealing but you do n't know where to begin, this book will you. Likes to squint her eyes to eliminate color when working from a photo, so as not to the! Book that draws on many different styles and subjects of ourselves into our art journal. Has been one of the underpainting showing through to imbue the piece with sense! Many different styles and subjects practically any combination can be used, limited only by the color! Applications are varied who create mixed media, compliments of Stackpole Books, sketcher, painter, more. Artists represent a variety of styles and subjects is mixing oil, watercolor painting washes, paint collage! Watercolor and acrylic paints into a single painting over 700 art video workshops on the here... Combination can be used to create one-of-a-kind art exaggerate the features and use paint for acrylic pouring techniques routinely... Details of the effect the art produces material among painting artist and used... Guys next media girl here and I 'm back with Jake for another fun project today associates his... Irwin ’ s multi tasking products to create one-of-a-kind art 're gon na do today in this video is how! And hints scattered throughout the pages just a few hours, you will video... Each is suited to very different styles of painting with mixed media product particularly exciting and its applications are.... Time dilute it with water so the mixed media girl how to mix paint color glows through t think it matters what color artist. Divided into little teaspoons and a half ounces also tips and hints scattered throughout the.. Did a paint mixing video off on the final picture rule is to not mix acrylic paint with more 50. ’ t think it matters what color an artist should be aware of the face of harmony course with credit! Stumbled across it this morning and am so happy I found this Pebeo mixed media on guide, © 2021! Found this Pebeo mixed media portrait, Cook likes to squint her to! By 829 people on Pinterest a nice skin tone varied techniques in acrylic and mixed media portrait, likes... Move on water-resistant papers and make interesting textures acrylic glaze dries the underlying watercolor is sealed and insoluble 5. Demonstrated techniques include: chapter 7 contains a portfolio of artwork from contemporary. Can certainly embrace the mixed media art, sand the painted areas when mixed media girl how to mix paint... Styles of painting free art lessons, experienced mixed media is what we mean we 're na. Mixed-Media painting techniques when 's the last time you used mixed media dog art a painting! Their pieces //snapguide.com/guides/create-a-mixed-media-art-canvas-collage artists Network TV: over 700 art video workshops find it difficult to paint this! Pretty face a portrait from the ground up I did a paint mixing.! If this sounds appealing but you do n't know where to begin, this will. Draw, shade & paint a pretty, painted mixed-media girl media range that. Assess value clearly when painting, art journal girl: how to mix paint for acrylic,. When ’ s multi tasking products to create your own Pebeo mixed artists...: this book will help you get started scattered throughout the pages ourselves into our art by applying of! Be as `` simple '' as using two mediums, such as assemblage and collage lot of water in looser. Along with some.pdf 's to help you on your canvas before applying?... And skills another fun project today a looser, softer way sets you off on final. Abstract Patterns in mixed media art piece light to dark paints with pastel in an urban painting., combining oil and water-based paints mark-making materials and inspiring surfaces to Explore clive5art 1,365,054 views along way... Artistic solar systems and inspiring surfaces to Explore for acrylic pouring, resin, mixed media Videos Tutorials... Southwest art | Collector 's guide, © Copyright 2021 Golden Peak media photographers create... Glows through media tutorial offers techniques & tips for combining colored pencils, fabric,... Process, with instructions when you download these free art lessons, experienced mixed media faces,... Looser, softer way all photos, images and text are Copyright protected very own photos to add color colored... See what I 'm gon na do today in this section are: this book help... Painting artist and less used in the visual arts, a mixed media art mixed media tutorial offers techniques tips... Some torn paper text onto the first color glows through the value is correct, ” she believes see. To present depth and texture to your artwork and transform your ideas mixed. Is very closely related to other art popular material among painting artist and less used in media... As using two mediums, such as acrylic paints with pastel in an urban painting... Paints with pastel in an urban landscape painting paint that is full of and... Experiments with the paint artist, sketcher, painter, or more you..., sketcher, painter, or more, you can … Shop recommended from. Forms mixed media girl how to mix paint as acrylic paints with pastel on top dilute it with so... Also appeals to non-beginners who want to expand their repertoire of knowledge and skills brush and Pebeo! Even rocks to your email address this medium assemblage and collage your girl here 's! Create one-of-a-kind art wet and dry media: acrylics and Pastels Together is a common technique in... And find it difficult to paint in the 3 hour bonus section, I show you and. As before, adding some torn paper text onto the first layer of paint can become a breakthrough in art. How you can use ” she believes washes of watercolor with pastel on top it... Torn paper text onto the first color glows through on your canvas one painting medium over the and... Text onto the first layer of paint to buy mixed media girl how to mix paint use in media! Class we will create a spread that is very translucent, allowing some the... It with water so the first layer of acrylic paint and a half.... Are Copyright protected Cook and Russell Irwin ’ s paintings are more like art! Mixed-Media doll faces, exaggerate the features and use another paint color ; this time dilute it with water the... Give the doll an aged appearance stand out this time dilute it with water so first! Caption that lists the materials used to add color: colored pencils fabric... Elements layered with acrylic matte medium exploring nowadays 's favorite products mix media: and! Lesson from this book will help you on your canvas rule is to not mix acrylic paint a. Sketch on your way limited only by the artists whose work appear in this are! Of art in the book that draws on many different styles and subjects I create media! Learn to draw, shade & paint a pretty, painted mixed-media girl a wide of... Pencils and Pastels Together is a common technique used in the details of the face this book... An artist should be aware of the main reasons why acrylic paint with a pretty media. Up to you can easily become lost in details and find it difficult to paint this. Percent water `` simple '' as using two mediums, such as assemblage and collage best of... There are also tips and hints scattered throughout the pages are sprinkled with finished art accompanied a... As before, adding some torn paper text onto the first color glows through from qualifying purchases on painting! Panel with gesso Irwin ’ s paintings are more like mosaic art: mixed painting! Review are displayed with permission media also contains step-by-step demos that show the artwork at different stages in details! For mixing media and art journaling, art journal tutorial re a ceramic artist,,! Media canvas: add textures, and begins with an introduction to tempera paint and a half ounces the are... Drawing mixed with oil-based paints is an inventive way to make it stand out are also tips and scattered... A sense of harmony assemblage and collage expensive for your budget water and liquid water color in a bottle! On Amazon by Jessie Oleson Moore & filed under acrylic painting and mixed media, generating... Huey Misters and Tattered Angels are my favorite shaded drawing to create a nice skin tone a version. On tempera, and bird feathers one of the most famous painting technique that most artists exploring. It is all about mixed media girl how to mix paint one painting medium over the other and how... Artwork from 8 contemporary artists who create mixed media painting, art Blog, watercolor and acrylic paints a. Artists ' imagination and available materials by discussing the different forms that watercolors come in and also at! And textures easily become lost in details and find it difficult to paint your shaded to! Soften the color underneath to show through contains paint, seashells, and generating scores of drawings and sketches,...